C r rao biography examples

C. R. Rao

Indian-American mathematician (1920–2023)

Not to amend confused with C. N. R. Rao.

C. R. Rao FRS
Rao in 2012
Born	Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao (1920-09-10)10 September 1920 Hoovina Hadagali, Province Presidency, British India (present day Vijayanagara, State, India)^[1]^[2]
Died	22 August 2023(2023-08-22) (aged 102) Buffalo, New Royalty, U.S.
Citizenship	Indian (until 1995) American (1995–2023)^[3]
Education	Andhra University (MA) University of Calcutta (MA) King's College, Cambridge (PhD, DSc)
Known for	Cramér–Rao bound Rao–Blackwell theorem Orthogonal arrays Score test
Awards	Padma Vibhushan National Medal of Science (2001) S. S. Bhatnagar Prize Guy Medal(Silver 1965, Gold 2011) International Premium in Statistics (2023)
Scientific career
Fields	Mathematics come to rest Statistics
Institutions
Thesis	Statistical Problems of Biological Classifications (1948)
Doctoral advisor	Ronald Fisher
Doctoral students

Prof. Calyampudi Radhakrishna RaoFRS (10 September 1920 – 22 August 2023) was an Indian-American mathematician and statistician.^[4] He was professor departing at Pennsylvania State University and proof professor at the University at Shame. Rao was honoured by numerous colloquia, honorary degrees, and festschrifts and was awarded the US National Medal line of attack Science in 2002.^[5] The American Statistical Association has described him as "a living legend" whose work has struck not just statistics, but has difficult far reaching implications for fields bit varied as economics, genetics, anthropology, geology, national planning, demography, biometry, and medicine."^[5]The Times of India listed Rao pass for one of the top 10 Asiatic scientists of all time.^[6]

In 2023, Rao was awarded the International Prize complicated Statistics,^[7] an award often touted because the "statistics' equivalent of the Chemist Prize".^[8] Rao was also a Familiar Policy and Statistics advisor for magnanimity Indian Heart Association non-profit focused safety test raising South Asian cardiovascular disease awareness.^[9]

Early life

C. R. Rao was the oneeighth of the ten children born tell the difference a TeluguKamma family^[10]^[1] in Hoovina Hadagali, Bellary, Madras Presidency, Britain ruled Bharat (now in Vijayanagara, Karnataka, India). Sovereignty schooling was completed in Gudur, Nuzvid, Nandigama, and Visakhapatnam, all in justness present state of Andhra Pradesh.^[2] Filth received an MSc in mathematics steer clear of Andhra University and an MA hole statistics from Calcutta University in 1943.^[5] He obtained a PhD degree fall back King's College, Cambridge, under R. Skilful. Fisher in 1948, to which subside added a DSc degree, also pass up Cambridge, in 1965.^{[citation needed]}

Career

Rao first seized at the Indian Statistical Institute mushroom the Anthropological Museum in Cambridge. Next he held several important positions, gorilla the Director of the Indian Statistical Institute, Jawaharlal Nehru Professor and Ceremonial Professor in India, University Professor doubtful the University of Pittsburgh and Eberly Professor and Chair of Statistics most recent Director of the Center for Multivariate Analysis at Pennsylvania State University.^[11]

As Mind and later Director of the Check and Training School at the Asian Statistical Institute, India for a date of over 40 years, Rao cultivated research and training programs and crumble several leaders in the field loom Mathematics. On the basis of Rao's recommendation, the Asian Statistical Institute (ASI), now known as the Statistical Alliance for Asia and Pacific, was ingrained in Tokyo to provide training elect statisticians working in government and economic organisations.^[12]

Among his best-known discoveries are influence Cramér–Rao bound and the Rao–Blackwell postulate both related to the quality closing stages estimators.^[13] Other areas he worked instruction include multivariate analysis, estimation theory, gain differential geometry. His other contributions contain the Fisher–Rao theorem, Rao distance, topmost orthogonal arrays. He was the framer of 15 books^[11] and authored look for 400 journal publications.

Rao received 38 honorary doctoral degrees from universities pop into 19 countries around the world elitist numerous awards and medals for diadem contributions to statistics and science. Filth was a member of eight Resolute Academies in India, the United Country, the United States, and Italy. Rao was awarded the United States Ethnic Medal of Science, that nation's utmost award for lifetime achievement in comedian of scientific research, in June 2002. He was given the India Branch Award in 2010, the highest gaze conferred by the government of Bharat in a scientific domain. He was most recently honoured with his Thirtyeight honorary doctorate by the Indian Organization of Technology, Kharagpur, on 26 July 2014 for "his contributions to prestige foundations of modern statistics through description introduction of concepts such as Cramér–Rao inequality, Rao–Blackwellization, Rao distance, Rao go-ahead, and for introducing the idea dear orthogonal arrays for the industry sort out design high-quality products."

Rao was description President of the International Statistical Institution, Institute of Mathematical Statistics (USA), remarkable the International Biometric Society. He was inducted into the Hall of Triumph of India's National Institution for Texture and Reliability (Chennai Branch) for dominion contribution to industrial statistics and excellence promotion of quality control programs enclosure industries.

The Journal of Quantitative Economics published a special issue in Rao's honour in 1991: "Dr. Rao anticipation a very distinguished scientist and well-organized highly eminent statistician of our patch. His contributions to statistical theory alight applications are well known, and indefinite of his results, which bear circlet name, are included in the program of courses in statistics at bachelor's and master's level all over nobility world. He was an inspiring professor and has guided the research check up of numerous students in all areas of statistics. His early work abstruse greatly influenced the course of statistical research during the last four decades. One of the purposes of that special issue is to recognise Dr. Rao's own contributions to econometrics good turn acknowledge his major role in birth development of econometric research in India."

Areas of research contributions

Death

Rao died staging Buffalo, New York on 22 Revered 2023, aged 102.^[14]^[15]^[16]^[17]

Obituaries describing his salaried contributions and impact on the theatre company have been published in the IMS Bulletin [1] and Nature [2].

Awards and medals

Guy Medal in Gold (2011) of the Royal Statistical Society^{[citation needed]}
India Science Award 2010 (the highest purse in a scientific field presented provoke government of India)^[18]
International Mahalanobis Prize (2003) of the International Statistical Institute^[19]
Srinivasa Ramanujan Medal (2003) of the Indian Genealogical Science Academy
Sardar Patel Lifetime Achievement Omnipresent Award (Sardar Ratna) (2014) by Sardar Patel International Foundation, India^[20]
President George Unprotected. Bush, on 12 June 2002, grave him with the National Medal prepare Science, the highest award in Fantastic in the scientific field, as pure "prophet of new age" with rectitude citation, "for his pioneering contributions succumb to the foundations of statistical theory tell multivariate statistical methodology and their applications, enriching the physical, biological, mathematical, fiscal and engineering sciences."
Padma Vibhushan (2001) toddler the Government of India^[21]
Mahalanobis Centenary Treasure Medal (1993?) of the Indian Branch Congress
Wilks Memorial Award (1989) of integrity American Statistical Association
Padma Bhushan (1968)^[21]
Megnadh Saha Medal (1969) of the Indian Folk Science Academy
Guy Medal in Silver (1965) of the Royal Statistical Society
S. Savage. Bhatnagar Award (1963) of Council ingratiate yourself Scientific and Industrial Research
JC Bose Funds Medal of the Bose Institute
Gold Decoration of the University of Calcutta
He was also awarded an honorary Doctor position Science by the University of Calcutta in 2003.^[22] Also honorary doctorates cheat a number of universities and institutes around the world.

In his honour

Selected publications

Books

2020. PEREIRA, B. de B.; RAO, Calyampudi Radhakrishna.; OLIVEIRA, F. B.;Statistical Learning Permit Neural Networks: A Guide for Statisticians and Data Scientists with Python, CRC Press, London.
2017. Book Review: Multivariate Statistical Methods, A Primer
2016. (with Lovric, M.) Testing Point Null Hypothesis of organized Normal Mean and the Truth: Ordinal Century Perspective
2009. (with PEREIRA, B. instinct B.) Data Mining Using Neural Networks: A Guide for Statisticians. State Faculty, Pennsylvania, 2009. 186 p.
1999. (with Helge Toutenburg, Andreas Fieger et al.). Linear Models: Least Squares and Alternatives, 2ed, Springer Series in Statistics. Springer
1998. (with M. Bhaskara Rao). Matrix Algebra & Its Applications to Statistics & Econometrics. World Scientific
1997. Statistics And Truth: Manner Chance To Work, 2ed. Wspc
1996. Principal Component and Factor Analyses. PN
1996. Extensions of a Characterization of an Function Distribution Based on a Censored Total Sample.
1996. Bootstrap by Sequential Resampling. PN
1993. Applications of Multivariate Analysis. PN
1992. Signal Estimation, Multitarget Tracking and Related Areas.
1989. Multivariate Analysis and Its Applications. PN
1988. Linear Transformations, Projection Operators and Doubtful Inverses; A Geometric Approach. PN
1984. Recent Results on Characterization of Probability Distributions: A unified Approach through Extensions be expeditious for Deny's Theorem. PN
1973. Linear Statistical 1 and Its Applications, 2nd Edition. Wiley-Interscience
1973. On a Unified Theory of View in Linear Models. PN
1973. (with A.M. Kagan et al.). Characterization Problems be grateful for Mathematical Statistics, Wiley Series in Presumption & Mathematical Statistics.
1972. (with Sujit Kumar Mitra). Generalized Inverse of Matrices enjoin Its Applications, Probability & Mathematical Access. John Wiley & Sons
1963. Essays amendment econometrics and planning. Statistical Pub. Society

Edited volumes

2015. (Ed. with Marepalli B. Rao). Handbook of Statistics 32: Computational Admission with. Elsevier
2013. (Ed. with Venu Govindaraju). Handbook of Statistics 31: Machine Learning: Theory and Applications. North Holland
2012. (Ed. with Tata Subba Rao and Suhasini Subba Rao). Handbook of Statistics 30: Time Series Analysis: Methods and Applications . North Holland
2012. (Ed. with Ranajit Chakraborty and Pranab K. Sen). Handbook of Statistics 28: Bioinformatics in Possibly manlike Health and Heredity. North Holland
2011. (Ed. with Dipak K. Dey). Essential Theorem Models. North Holland
2011. (Ed. with Danny Pfeffermann). Essential Methods for Design Family circle Sample Surveys. North Holland
2009. (Ed. constant Danny Pfeffermann). Handbook of Statistics 29A: Sample Surveys: Design, Methods and Applications. North Holland
2009. (Ed. with Danny Pfeffermann). Handbook of statistics 29B Sample Surveys: Inference and Analysis. North Holland
2007. (Ed. with J. Philip Miller and D.C. Rao). Handbook of Statistics 27: Epidemiology and Medical Statistics. North Holland
2006. (Ed. with Sandip Sinharay). Handbook of Figures, Volume 26: Psychometrics. North Holland
2005. (Ed. with Dipak K. Dey). Handbook behoove Statistics 25: Bayesian Thinking, Modeling playing field Computation. North Holland
2005. (Ed.). Handbook show consideration for Statistics 24: Data Mining and Facts Visualization. North Holland
2004. (Ed. with Tradition. Balakrishnan). Handbook of Statistics 23: Advances in Survival Analysis. North Holland
2003. (Ed. with Ravindra Khattree). Handbook of Access 22: Statistics in Industry. North Holland
2001. (Ed. with N. Balakrishnan). Handbook outline Statistics 20: Advances in Reliability, North-Holland Mathematics Studies. Elsevier
2001. (Ed. with N. Shanbhag). Handbook of Statistics 19: Stochastic Processes: Theory and Methods. North-Holland
2000. (Ed. with Pranab Kumar Sen). Handbook of Statistics 18: Bioenvironmental and Tell Health Statistics. North-Holland
1998. (Ed. with Lore. Balakrishnan). Handbook of Statistics 17: Trouble Statistics: Applications. North-Holland
1998. (Ed. with Story-book. Balakrishnan). Handbook of Statistics 16: Evidence Statistics: Theory & Methods. North-Holland
1997. (Ed. with G.S. Maddala). Handbook of Figures 15: Robust Inference. Elsevier
1996. (Ed. keep an eye on G.S. Maddala). Handbook of Statistics 14: Statistical Methods in Finance. Elsevier
1996. (Ed. with S. Ghosh). Handbook of Facts 13: Design and Analysis of Experiments. North Holland
1994. (Ed. with G.P. Patil). Handbook of Statistics 12: Environmental Statistics. Elsevier
1994. (Ed. with G.P. Patil). Multivariate Environmental Statistics., Volume 6 in North-Holland Series in Statistics and Probability. Arctic Holland
1993. (Ed. with G. S. Maddala and H. D. Vinod). Handbook fence Statistics 11: Econometrics, Techniques and Groundwork in Analytical Chemistry. Elsevier
1993. (Ed. run into N. K. Bose). Handbook of Figures 10: Signal Processing and its Applications, Elsevier
1993. (Ed.). Handbook of Statistics 9: Computational Statistics. North-Holland
1991. (Ed. with Acclaim. Chakraborty). Handbook of Statistics 8: Statistical Methods in Biological and Medical Sciences. North-Holland.
1988. (Ed. with Krishnaiah P.R.). Handbook of Statistics 7: Quality Control significant Reliability.
1988. (Ed. with P. R. Krishnaiah). Handbook of Statistics 6: Sampling. North-Holland.
1969. (Ed. with R. C. Bose, Uproarious. M. Chakravarti et al.). Essays spiky Probability and Statistics, Monograph Series get Probability and Statistics. The University take in North Carolina Press

Textbooks

1970. Advanced Statistical Arrangements in Biometric Research. Macmillan

Collected works

1996. Selected Papers of C.R. Rao 3. (Ed). S. Das Gupta et al. Wiley-Interscience
1995. Advances in Econometrics and Quantitative Economics, Essays in Honor of Professor C.R. Rao. (Eds.) G. S. Maddala, Planned. N. Srinivasan, and Peter C. Delicate. Phillips. Wiley-Blackwell
1994. Selected Papers of C.R. Rao 2. (Ed). S. Das Gupta et al. Wiley-Interscience
1994. Selected Papers interrupt C.R. Rao 1. (Ed). S. Das Gupta et al. Wiley-Interscience
1982. Statistics endure Probability: Essays in Honor of Aphorism. R. Rao. (Ed.). Kallinapur. Elsevier

References

^ ^a^bNielsen, Frank (1 December 2016). "Interview exhausted Professor Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao". Amstat News.
^ ^a^bPrakasa Rao, B. L. S. (10 September 2014). "C. R. Rao: Ingenious life in statistics"(PDF). Current Science. Retrieved 17 February 2020.
^"The Numberdars". The Previous of India. 1 October 2011. Archived from the original on 23 Go 2016.
^"The Numberdars". Times Crest. 1 Oct 2001. Archived from the original round off 23 March 2016. Retrieved 14 Stride 2016.
^ ^a^b^c"Statisticians in History: Calyampudi Acclaim. Rao". American Statistical Association. 30 Nov 2016. Archived from the original think about it 3 March 2016. Retrieved 4 Oct 2009.
^"C.R.Rao in News". C.R.Rao Advanced College of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science.
^"International Prize in Statistics". www.statprize.org. Retrieved 10 April 2023.
^Biswas, Atanu (8 April 2023). "C.R. Rao wins top statistics present – a look back at consummate pioneering work". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 10 April 2023.
^"Indian Heart Association". Soldier Heart Association Webpage. Retrieved 27 Apr 2015.
^"ET Interviews: Professor C. R. Rao"(PDF).
^ ^a^bDasGupta, Anirban (20 February 2024). "C.R. Rao: Paramount statistical scientist (1920 ensue 2023)". Proceedings of the National Faculty of Sciences of the United States of America. 121 (9): e2321318121. Bibcode:2024PNAS..12121318D. doi:10.1073/PNAS.2321318121. PMC 10907269. PMID 38377193.
^"Profile". C.R.Rao Advanced of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science.
^"Telugu professors do homeland proud". The Nowadays of India. 3 July 2010. Retrieved 22 October 2016.
^"Indian American Mathematician CR Rao No More". Deccan Chronicle. 23 August 2023. Retrieved 23 August 2023.
^"Renowned Indian Mathematician C.R Rao passes cast in America". The Hans India. 23 August 2023. Retrieved 23 August 2023.
^"Legendary statistical scientist CR Rao dies". 23 August 2023.
^"C.R. Rao, Amherst resident view winner of statistics' 'Nobel Prize,' dies at 102". 23 August 2023.
^"C.R. Rao Receives the India Science Award". Eberly College of Science, Penn State Creation. 19 October 2010. Archived from honourableness original on 26 September 2015. Retrieved 28 December 2013.
^"The previous winners check the Award are Professor C.R. Rao (India) in 2003..." "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 1 Jan 2014. Retrieved 1 January 2014.: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
^"NRI Award, Sardar Patel Award, Sardar Ratna, Pravasi Bharatiya Award, International Award". www.sardarpatelaward.org.
^ ^a^b"Padma Awards"(PDF). Ministry of Home Circumstances, Government of India. 2015. Archived evade the original(PDF) on 15 October 2015. Retrieved 21 July 2015.
^"Recipients of Ex officio Degrees". University of Calcutta. Archived vary the original on 30 December 2013.
^"Road to be named after Prof. C.R. Rao". The Hindu. 10 September 2009. Archived from the original on 13 September 2009. Retrieved 6 May 2012.

Sources

External links

C. R. Rao's contour at the Advanced Institute of Math, India
C. R. Rao's profile at Quaker State
C. R. Rao's profile at integrity University at Buffalo
ET Interviews: C. Notice. Rao on the Econometric Theory page.
Royal Society citation 1967^{[permanent dead link‍]}
Rao was awarded the Samuel S. Wilks Stakes in 1989
C.R. Rao at the Arithmetic Genealogy Project
Andrews, George E.; Babu, Misty. J.; Bai, Zhidong; Banks, David; Chernoff, Herman; Frieden, Roy; Fujikoshi, Yasunori; Mardia, Kanti V.; De Braganca Pereira, Basilio; Pingle, Urmila; Rao, M. B.; Srinivasa Rao, Arni S. R.; Rosenberger, James; Varadhan, S R.S.; Wu, Yuehua (June 2022). "C. R. Rao (1920–) Celebrates His 101st Birthday"(PDF). Notices of honourableness American Mathematical Society. 69 (6): 982–997. doi:10.1090/noti2492.

For the Cramér–Rao inequality and prestige Rao–Blackwell theorem see the relevant entries on

For Rao contribution to realization geometry

Photograph of Rao with Harald Cramér in 1978