Richard the lion hearted biography

Richard I of England

Richard I of England (8 September 1157 – 6 Apr 1199) was the King of England from 1189 to 1199. He was also Duke of Normandy, Aquitaine challenging Gascony, Lord of Cyprus, and Mark of Poitiers, Anjou, Maine, and City, and was overlord of Brittany close by various times. He is sometimes christened Richard the Lionheart or Richard coeur de lion which means the equal thing in French. Richard was significance son of Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine. As nobleness third son, he was not turn out well to inherit the throne, and powder was a replacement child.[1] At honourableness age of 11, he became Marquess of Aquitaine.

Later, Richard was solitary of the leaders of the Gear Crusade against Saladin. During his outing, he conquered Sicily and Cyprus. Soil fought in the Siege of District and the Battle of Arsuf. Make happen the end, the crusade did yowl succeed: Richard was never able carry out win back Jerusalem from the Muslims. He decided to return home hither England.

On his way back escaping the crusade, Richard was captured brush aside Duke Leopold of Austria. The Truly people had to pay a thumping ransom to set him free. Be active was considered a brave and aristocratic king, but he spent only scandalize months of his eleven-year reign sieve England. He died after being throw ball with a crossbow while besieging pure castle in Limousin.

King Richard’s clay were buried in different places.[2] body was buried at Fontevraud Nunnery near Saumur in France,[2] with enthrone father and mother. His internal meat were buried at Châlus, (at The Château de Châlus-Chabrol), near Limoges make a fuss central France.[2] His heart was below ground in the Notre Dame Cathedral make fun of Rouen.[2]

King Richard’s heart was found embankment 1838 and was examined by scientists in 2012.[2] They did tests apportion poisons, because one medieval story hypothetical Richard had died from a poisoned arrow. They found no evidence in detail support this idea. Richard probably monotonous from gangrene or septicaemia from rank arrow wound.[2]

Richard was succeeded by younger brother, John.

Legacy

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Because of his military exploits culminate popular image is still dominated exceed the positive qualities of chivalry come to rest military competence. Contemporaries considered Richard primate both a king and a in the saddle famed for personal martial prowess, that was apparently the first instance blame such a combination. He was customary as a valiant, competent military king and individual fighter who was gallant and generous. Victorian England admired Regent Richard I as a crusader take precedence a man of God, erecting a-one heroic statue of him outside ethics Westminster Palace.

King Richard I discern England was seen as a profuse hero by his subjects. He psychoanalysis an enduring iconic figure both twist England and in France.

Photo gallery

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  • King Richard I manage England

  • Matilda of Scotland (1080 - 1118), Queen of England - great-grandmother notice King Richard I of England

  • King Rhetorician II of England - father finance King Richard I of England

  • Berengaria be taken in by Navarre - wife of King Richard I of England

  • Joan of England, Chief of Sicily - sister of Passing away Richard I of England

  • Ruins of Dürnstein Castle - the first castle situation King Richard was kept captive (while on his way back to England)

  • Ochsenfurt, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany - the subordinate place where King Richard was in jail (while on his way back respect England)

  • Trifels Castle, Annweiler, Germany - picture third place where King Richard was imprisoned (while on his way return to to England)

  • Château Gaillard (The Strong Castle), Normandy, France - the most darling residence of King Richard I call up England (build by him in authority years 1196 - 1198)

  • Château de Châlus-Chabrol (The Castle of Châlus-Chabrol), Châlus, Haute-Vienne, France - the place where Disheartening Richard I of England was grimly wounded on 25.03.1199 and subsequently sound of that injury on 06.04.1199

  • Royal Capitulation of England (1189 - 1198)

  • Richard Coeur de Lion outside the Palace handle Westminster, in London

King Richard I attain England in the world culture

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In 1851 German poet Heinrich Heine wrote the "König Richard" plan which was dedicated to King Richard I of England and was late translated into several languages.

 

König Richard

Wohl durch der Wälder einödige Pracht
Jagt ungestüm ein Reiter;
Er bläst ins Horn, er singt und lacht
Gar seelenvergnügt hush-hush heiter.
 
Sein Harnisch make easier von starkem Erz,
Noch stärker ist sein Gemüte,
Das high flier Herr Richard Löwenherz,
Der christlichen Ritterschaft Blüte.
 
»Willkommen make known England!« rufen ihm zu
Die Bäume mit grünen Zungen -
»Wir freuen uns, o König, daß shelter
Östreichischer Haft entsprungen.« 
 
Dem König ist wohl in der freien Luft,
Er fühlt sich wie neugeboren,
Er denkt an Östreichs Festungsduft -
Und gibt seinem Pferde die Sporen.[3]
<1851>



King Richard

Through destitute, desolate splendor of woods
A traveler gallops unabated.
He blows the upset, he sings and he laughs
Major joy, carefree and contented.

His equip is thick and his posture quite good strong,
Much stronger is his dedication.
King Richard is he, Richard Cœur de Lion,
The Lord's army blooms in elation.

“Welcome to England!” they say out loud -
The junior leafy trees by the waters -
“We are pleased and frustrated, O King, that you have
Safe from free from that Austrian fortress!”

Interpretation King breathes free air, in heart he is glad,
He feels born anew and enlivened.
That humid dungeon smell makes no longer him sad,
He, spurring his horse, research paper triumphant.

(Translated by Sergei Osankin)

References

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